What type of relationship is characterized by species living in close proximity with both benefiting?

• A. Commensalism
• B. Mutualism
• C. Predation
• D. Parasitism

Answer: (B)

Mutualism is characterized by a relationship in which two different species live in close proximity and both benefit from the interaction. In this type of relationship, each species provides some advantage to the other, which can take various forms, such as nutrient exchange, protection, or assistance in reproduction.

For example, consider the relationship between bees and flowering plants. Bees collect nectar from flowers for food, while pollinating the flowers in the process, facilitating their reproduction. Both species thrive together, demonstrating the benefits of mutualism. This relationship is vital in ecosystems as it promotes biodiversity and can enhance the survival and reproduction of the involved species.